1st Six Weeks Study Guide 2008

NOUNS (pgs. 323-327):

 Nouns are persons, places, things, or ideas.

Example: The boy hit the ball.

Common Nouns- list particular persons, places, things, or ideas.

PRONOUNS (pgs. 328-335):

Take the place of nouns.

Subject Pronouns

I, she, he, we, they, you, it

me, him, her, us, them, you, it

I, me, my, mine, you, your, yours, we, us, our, ours, he, him, his, she, her, hers, it, its

this, that, these, those

all, any, anybody, anyone, anything, both, each, either, everybody, everyone, few, many, more, much, neither, nobody, none, no one, one, other, several, some, somebody, something

myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves

what, which, who, whom, whose

Verbs (pgs. 347-352)

• Locate verbs in a sentence.  An action verb is a word that express action. This action may be physical or mental.  For example: Tom is thinking about recess.  It tells what the subject of the sentence does.

• Tell the difference between a Linking verb and an Action verb. A linking verb is a verb that links the subject of a sentence to a noun or adjective in the predicate.  

• Example: Snoopy is a black and white dog. Is links Snoopy to a black and white dog.  There is no action taking place.

   

  Prepositions (pgs. 360-362)

  A preposition is a word that shows the relationship between a noun or a pronoun and another word in the sentence.  Many students find it helpful to remember "a preposition is anywhere a mouse can run."  This takes care of words such as over, under, between, around and others.  However, don't forget those prepositions such as for, of, about and the time prepositions (such as after, before, until).  Study the chart on page 361 in your textbook.

   

  The object of the preposition is the noun or pronoun that follows the preposition.

  For example:

  The mouse ran under Lucy's desk.  

  The prepositional phrase begins with the preposition and ends with the object.  For example:

  The mouse ran under Lucy's desk.  Under Lucy's desk is the prepositional phrase.

   

  Interjections (pgs. 366-367)

  An interjection is a word that expresses emotion.  Some examples are:

  aha    hey    hooray    aw    oops    ow    well       yippee    yikes

  Interjections are often followed by exclamation points.  However, sometimes they are followed by commas.  For example:

  Well, are you finished yet?

  Conjunctions (pgs. 364-366)

  Conjunctions join together words and phrases.  The three man conjunctions are and, or, and but.  However, there are many more such as:

  for    nor    or    so    yet 

  Don't forget about correlative conjunctions.  They are used in pairs.

  both......and    either.......or    neither.....nor    not only......but also    whether......or

ADJECTIVES (pgs. 336-340):

* Adjectives describe nouns.  They modify nouns by telling:

What kind/    Which one/    How many/        How much or to what extent/

Example:  The small boy ate the red apple.  Small describes the boy, and red describes the apple.

* Demonstrative adjectives tell which one.  These are: these, those, that, this.

Example: Pass those papers to the front.  Which papers? - those paper

* Sometimes Demonstrative Adjectives can be used as Demonstrative Pronouns.  These Demonstrative Pronouns replace something else.

Example: Will you hand that to me?  That is not known. 

Proper adjectives are specific adjectives that need to be capitalized.  For example: She has a Mexican hat.

ADVERBS (pgs. 357-359):

An adverb describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.

Adverbs tell where, when, how, how often, or to what extent.  Unlike prepositions, adverbs do not take objects.